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Give the Gift of Ancestry for Christmas This Year!

This 7 Generation Ancestry Wall Chart will make a cherished gift for yourself or someone you know. This wall chart displays 7 generations of ancestors of parental and maternal sides of the 14 Chagnon siblings of Nelson Chagnon and Delina Bouchard.

This chart is available with all 14 siblings mentioned in the center (first Generation) or you may choose the sibling that is most closely related to you.  

All 14 Siblings include:

  • Irene Chagnon Gordon
  • Edith Chagnon Gonyo
  • Raymond Chagnon
  • Eva Chagnon Dusharm
  • Lillian Chagnon Proulx
  • Clara Chagnon Valyou
  • Chester Chagnon
  • Alexander Chagnon
  • Roy Chagnon
  • Clarence Chagnon
  • Ernest Chagnon
  • Lorraine Chagnon Doughtery Sweeney
  • Henry Chagnon
  • Nelson Chagnon

18″ x 24″ is a great size for framing  and a wonderful addition to any room decor. 

This Wall Chart is available in 2 formats:
Downloadable Digital Image for $59.00
Printed color copy (18”x24”) mailed to you $49.00 plus $10 shipping

Would you like to have a Wall Chart created with you and your spouse or showing your name or a child as the first generation. Contact me

ThanksGiving

This year, Thanksgiving will be on Thursday, November 26. So why do we celebrate Thanksgiving every year? When and how did Thanksgiving first become a National Holiday?  And what did they eat?  Most of us were told how the Indians help teach the Pilgrims how to grow corn, along with other skills like hunting, fishing and that they celebrated their first harvest (which is known as the First Thanksgiving) with sharing a feast with Indians and giving thanks to God. Well, there is a little more to this story.

Why do We Celebrate Thanksgiving?

So, here is the how, what, when, and why Thanksgiving is a National Holiday.

In September 1620, a small ship called the Mayflower left Plymouth, England, carrying 102 passengers that were either lured by the promise of prosperity, land ownership and seeking a place where they could freely practice their religious faith. They dropped anchor 66 days later near the tip of Cape Cod, which was north of their intended destination at the mouth of the Hudson River. They crossed the Massachusetts Bay and began working on establishing a village.

Their first winter was quite difficult. Most of the colonists remained on board the ship, where they suffered from exposure, scurvy, and outbreaks of contagious disease. Only about half of the Mayflower’s original passengers and crew lived to see their first New England spring.

In March, the remaining settlers moved ashore, where they received an interesting visit from an Abenaki Indian who greeted them in English. Several days later, he returned with another Native American called Squanto, who was a member of the Pawtuxet tribe. Squanto had been kidnapped by an English sea captain and sold into slavery before he was able to escape to London and return to his homeland on an exploratory expedition. Squanto taught the Pilgrims, how to cultivate corn, extract sap from maple trees, catch fish in the rivers and avoid poisonous plants. He also helped the settlers forge an alliance with the Wampanoag, a local tribe, which would endure for more than 50 years.

The Native Americans and the European settlers did not always get along. They had a long and bloody history of conflict that resulted in tens of thousands of deaths. Since 1970, people have gathered on the day designated as Thanksgiving at the top of Cole’s Hill, which overlooks Plymouth Rock, to commemorate a “National Day of Mourning.”

In November 1621, after the Pilgrims’ first corn harvest proved successful, Governor William Bradford organized a celebratory feast and invited some of the settler’s Native American allies, including the Wampanoag chief Massasoit.

The Pilgrim’s “first Thanksgiving” festival lasted three days. Historians have suggested that the food that was prepared was most likely made using traditional Native American spices and cooking methods. Because the Pilgrims had no known oven and the Mayflower’s sugar supply most likely had dwindled by the fall of 1621, the meal would have not featured pies, cakes or other desserts, which have become a hallmark of today’s’ Thanksgiving celebrations.

How did Thanksgiving Become a National Holiday?

During the American Revolution, the Continental Congress had one or more days of thanksgiving a year, and in 1789 George Washington issued the first Thanksgiving proclamation by the national government of the United States. In his proclamation, he called upon Americans to express their gratitude for the conclusion to the country’s war of independence and the successful ratification of the U.S. Constitution. Presidents John Adams and James Madison also designated days of thanks during their presidencies.

In 1817, New York became the first of several states to officially adopt an annual Thanksgiving holiday. However, each celebrated it on a different day and the American South remained largely unfamiliar with the tradition. 

In 1827, Sarah Josepha Hale, the noted magazine editor, prolific writer, and author of the nursery rhyme “Mary Had a Little Lamb” launched a campaign to establish Thanksgiving as a national holiday. For 36 years, she published numerous editorials and sent scores of letters to governors, senators, presidents, and other politicians, earning her the nickname the “Mother of Thanksgiving.” 

In 1863, at the height of the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln finally granted her request in a proclamation entreating all Americans to ask God to “commend to his tender care all those who have become widows, orphans, mourners or sufferers in the lamentable civil strife” and to “heal the wounds of the nation.” He scheduled Thanksgiving for the final Thursday in November, and it was celebrated on that day every year until 1939 when  Franklin D. Roosevelt decided to move the holiday up a week in an attempt to spur retail sales during the Great Depression. Roosevelt’s plan, known derisively as Franksgiving, was met with opposition, and in 1941 the president reluctantly signed a bill making Thanksgiving the fourth Thursday in November.

What are Thanksgiving Traditions?

In many American households, the Thanksgiving celebration has lost much of its religious significance and now centers mainly around the cooking and sharing a bountiful meal with family and friends. Turkey, a Thanksgiving staple so ubiquitous it has become all but synonymous with the holiday, mainly due to marketing. It is not known for sure if the Turkey had been a part of the Pilgrims feast in 1621. According to the Nation Turkey Federation, today, nearly 90 percent of Americans eat turkey roasted, baked or deep-fried on Thanksgiving, along with other traditional foods such as stuffing, mashed potatoes, cranberry sauce, and pumpkin pie. 

Volunteering is a common Thanksgiving Day activity, and communities often hold food drives and host free dinners for the less fortunate. Parades are an integral part of the holiday in cities and towns across the United States. Since 1924, Macy’s department store has presented the New York City’s Thanksgiving Day parade, which is the largest and most famous of parades. 

Beginning in the mid-20th century and perhaps even earlier, the president of the United States has “pardoned” at least one or two Thanksgiving turkeys each year, sparing the birds from slaughter and sending them to a farm for retirement. Several U.S. governors also perform the annual turkey pardoning ritual.

How do You Celebrate Thanksgiving?

What were some traditions that your parents did at Thanksgiving? Do you still carry on those traditions? What are your plans for Thanksgiving? Are you spending it with family, friends, cooking, eating or maybe B+lack Friday shopping? Do you have to work, or planning to watch a parade? Maybe you are volunteering at a soup kitchen and giving canned foods for a local food drive? Whatever you have planned, take time to remember how and why this day of Thanksgiving came about and give thanks to those who have gone before you. Wishing you all a bountiful Happy Thanksgiving.

 

Armistice Day? Veterans Day?

Tomorrow we recognize and acknowledge all those who have served in our armed forces.  This year marks the 100th Anniversary of Armistice Day. Here are some interesting facts about Veterans Day that you may not know.

On November 11, 1919, President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the first commemoration of Armistice Day with the following words: “To us in America, the reflections of Armistice Day will be filled with solemn pride in the heroism of those who died in the country’s service and with gratitude for the victory, both because of the thing from which it has freed us and because of the opportunity it has given America to show her sympathy with peace and justice in the councils of the nations…”. This was the first anniversary of the end of World War I. In 1926 Congress passed a resolution for an annual observance. In 1938 November 11th became a national holiday. Unlike Memorial Day, Veterans Day pays tribute to all American veterans, living or dead, but especially gives thanks to our living veterans who served our country honorably during war, or peacetime. 

Veterans Day is held on November 11th every year in the US in honor of the 11th hour on the 11th day of the 11th month, which was when an armistice, or temporary cessation of hostilities between the Allied nations and Germany went into effect. The official end of the “war to end all wars”, happened with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles on June 28, 1919 which took place 7 months later.

 

In 1954 President Dwight D. Eisenhower officially changed the name of the holiday from Armistice Day to Veterans Day.

Congress in 1968, passed the Bill to Uniform Holidays which moved the observance of Veterans Day to the 4th Monday in October.  But in 1975, President Gerald Ford returned Veterans Day back to November 11th, due to the historical significance of the date.

Veterans of all wars are commemorated on Veterans Day.

Even France and Australia commemorate veterans of WWI and WWII on or near November 11th. Canada has a Remembrance Day, and Great Britain has a Remembrance Sunday on the 2nd Sunday in November.

It is common to observe 2 minutes of silence at 11am on November 11th in Europe, Great Britain and the Commonwealth countries.

Every Veteran’s Day, Arlington National Cemetery holds an Annual Remembrance Service. The cemetery has graves of over 400,000 people, most of whom served in the military. There are over 18.2 million living veterans who have served during at least one war as of 2018.  Of this 18.2 million, 9 percent are women veterans and 7 million veterans served during the Vietnam War. 3 million veterans have served in support of the War on Terrorism. 16 million Americans served during World War II, and 2 million veterans served during the Korean War.

The important purpose of Veterans Day is to honor America’s Veterans for their patriotism, love of this country, their willingness to serve and the sacrifices they make for this nation and us. Take a moment to honor and give thanks to the veterans that you know.

NOVEMBER MEMORIALS

Who are We?
Remember, Honor & Cherish

 Caroline M. Doughtery Bergeron 3/6/1944 – 11/14/2009
Caroline Mae is the daughter of Lorraine Chagnon Doughtery Sweeney
and James Doughtery, married, and the mother of 2 children.

Jasper D. Blow 5/14/1909 – 11/7/1973
Jasper Daniel is the son of Daniel Blow and Mary Anne Cootware,
 the husband to Glenna Ploof, and the father of Bertha, Charles,
Albert, Mary Ann, and Richard Blow.

Raymond E. Bosley 10/26/1906 – 11/5/1984
Raymond Earl is son of Albert Bosley and Louise Rayta, the husband to
 Lillian Gonyo, and father of Kenneth and Raymond C. Bosley.

Louise Marie Rayta Bosley 12/14/1881 – 11/17/1967
Louise Marie is the wife of Albert Bosley and the mother of
Raymond E. Bosley.

Michael E. Bushway 3/31/1959 – 11/24/2004
Michael Elwin is the son of Elwin Bushway and Emily Cootware.

Walter E.Centerbar 8/23/1915 – 11/1987
Walter Eugene is the husband of Marjorie Fremeau. 

Elaine J. Chagnon 4/6/1942 – 11/24/1943
Elaine Joyce is the daughter of Alexander Chagnon and Lucille Corron
and the sibling to William “Bill” Chagnon.

Mary Piche Chagnon 4/3/1868-11/08/1930
Mary is the daughter of David Piche and Matilda Allard,
the wife to Alexander Chagnon, and the mother of Mary Ann,
Meandre, Althella, Alexis, David, Matilda, and Euphemia Chagnon.

Peter N. Chagnon 4/2/1946 – 11/24/2015
Peter Nelson is the son of Clarence Chagnon and Lorraine Couture,
 the husband to Marlene Blow, and the father of 3 children.

Tiffany Chagnon 1993- 11/24/2016
Tiffany is the daughter of Kenneth Chagnon and Kristi Jacobs.

Leo Dusablon, Jr.  7/31/1929 – 11/8/2004
Leo is the son of Leo Dusablon and Marion Rose.

Robert E. Genest, Jr. 4/1/1941 – 11/3/2001
“Bob” is the son of Robert Genest Sr. and Lena Shattie, married.

James Gonyo 11/2/1955 – 11/4/1982
James is the son of Herbert Gonyo, Jr. and Gertrude Stapel.

Edith Chagnon Gonyo 5/19/1902 – 11/22/1997
Edith is the daughter of “Nelson” Chagnon and Delina Bouchard,
the wife of “Herbie” Gonyo, Sr., and the father of Irene, Gloria,
 Herbert Jr, Leon, Leona, Bernadette, Reginald, and 3 other children.

Emile B. Hatin 5/14/1914 – 11/7/1973
Emile is the husband to Clara Raymond and the father to Robert Hatin.

Alfred A. Lamotte 2/22/1907 – 11/21/1977
Alfred Arthur is the son of John Lamotte and Margaret Beshaw,
the husband to Eva F.Dumas, the grandfather of Mark Anthony Lamotte.

Robert E. Lynch 1/29/1921 – 11/30/2007
Robert “Caddy” is the son of Clarence Lynch and Mildred Parott
 and the husband to Mary Kelley.

Russell Maskell, Jr. 12/24/1933 – 1/11/1990
Russell Maskell, Sr. and Bertha Martin.

Clara Bouchard Meyer 8/10/1897 – 11/07/1984
Clara is the daughter Louis Bouchard and Louise Morrow.

George McDonald 4/24/1904 – 11/1/1981
George is the husband to Beulah M. Booska and
the father of Stewart Mcdonald.

Lillian Chagnon Proulx 7/11/1908 – 11/25/1957
Lillian is the daughter of “Nelson” Chagnon and Delina Bouchard,
the wife to Francis Proulx, and the mother of David Proulx
and 4 other children.

David H. Proulx 3/20/1937 – 11/6/2007
David is the son of Lillian Chagnon and Francis Proulx,
a husband and father of 4 children.

Norman Senna 8/31/1920 – 11/28/1952 
Norman is the son of Walter Senna and Natalie Russett,
the husband to Jennie Chamberlain, and the father of Barbara and
Beverly Senna, and 1 other child.

Beatrice Wells Shangraw 1/5/1905 – 11/13/1997
Beatrice is the daughter of Albert Wells and Bertha Allen,
the wife to Clifford Shangraw, Sr. and the mother of
Clifford Shangraw, Jr. and
the grandmother of Sharron Shangraw.

Cloyd A. Tennien 2/9/1899 – 11/11/1996
Cloyd is the son of James Tennien and Francoise Jacques,
the husband to Lucille Jimmo, and the
 father of Glenna Tennien, and
 grandfather of Richard Chagnon.

OCTOBER MEMORIALS

Honor, Cherish & Remember

Russell Beaupre 7/27/1915-10/4/1981
Russell is the son of Fay Beaupre and Rose Lucia, the husband of
Vivian R. Winegar  and the father of Lanny Beaupre. 

Albert Bosley 10/19/1938
Albert is the husband of Louise Rayta and father of Raymond Bosley.

Adeline Jennie (Plante) Bouchard 6/1/1851-10/20/1883
Jennie is the daughter of Pierre Plante and Antoinette  Dutour,
the wife of Louis Bouchard, and mother of Delina Bouchard,
Edward, Louis, David, and Willard Bouchard.

Nelson L. Chagnon, Sr. 11/3/1924-10/23/1982
Nelson is the son of  Narcisse “Nelson” Chagnon and
Delina Bouchard,  husband of Virgina V. Klein, 
the father of Doreen Chagnon Draper, grandfather
of Melissa, Heidi, Sean, Stephen, and
great-grandfather of Skylar Chagnon.

Viola (Langlois) Chagnon 12/17/1903-10/31/1988
Viola is the daughter of Mazip Langlois and Orisse Trudeau,
wife of Alexis Chagnon, Jr, and the mother of
Wanda  and Jane Chagnon.

Glenna (Tennien) Chagnon 1/40/1926-10/21/2002
Glenna is the daughter of Cloyd Tennien and Lucille Jimmo,
the wife of Clarence Chagnon, and the mother of
Richard Chagnon,

Margaret (Bourassa) Chagnon 9/15/1916-10/3/2008
“Marg” is the daughter of  Joseph Bourassa and Mary Proulx and
the wife of Chester “Chest” Chagnon

Marlene (Blow) Chagnon 2/7/1932-10/17/2011
Marlene is the daughter of Ralph Blow and Irene Pidgeon
and the wife of Peter Chagnon.

  Lorraine Agnes (Coty) Chagnon 8/28/1928-10/2/2014
Lorraine is the daughter of Alexis Coty and Delia Barron,
the wife of Ernest Chagnon, and the mother of
Nancy (Chagnon) Owens and Ernest Chagnon,II.

Carlyle “Carl” Draper 10/15/1930-10/21/1963
“Carl” is the son of Daniel Draper and Adeline Jones,
the husband of Ramona Perry, the father of James and
Connie Draper, and the grandfather of Stephen Draper.

Jeannette Duquette 1/2/1916-10/08/1996
Jeannette is the daughter of Walter Duquette and Olivean Chagnon,
sister of Otella Duquette Valliere  and Homer Duquette

Catherine (Doughtery) Lamotte Hatin 8/8/1942-10/7/1998
Catherine is the of daughter of James Doughtery and Lorraine Chagnon,
the wife of Robert Hatin, and the mother of Mark Anthony Lamotte

 Nora (Blair) LaCasse 2/2/1888-10/1/1980
Nora is the daughter of Delphis Blair and “Millie” Gingras,
the wife of Oliver LaCasse, and mother of Clarence, Marion,
Madeline, Ella Mary, Lucille, Francis, Catherine, Tootsie,
Raymond,  Lena, and Bill LaCasse

Patricia (Cockrell) Lafond 12/27/1952-10/25/1998
Patricia is daughter of James Cockrell and Lois Hill
and the wife of Robert Lafond.

Mary (Kelly) Lynch 1/29/1921-10/28/2011
Mary is the daughter of Frank Kelley and Ella Lynch,
and the wife of Robert Lynch and
the mother of Edward Lynch.

Florence (Gould) Marshall 10/9/1902-10/5/1994
Florence is wife of Allen Marshall and
the mother of Harold Marshall.

James C. Montgomery 8/6/1921-10/28/2005
James is the son of Nield S. Montgomery and Agnes Noyes
and  the husband of Louise Mary Noyes.

Pauline (Brooks) Proulx 6/10/1924-10/19/1969
Pauline is the daughter of Steward Brooks and Myrtle Nichols,
the wife of William E. Proulx, and
the mother of William B. Proulx.

Gladys (Hinote) Shelley 7/2/1897-10/21/1986
Gladys is the daughter of John Hinote and Ida Meigs,
the wife  of Samuel Shelley, and the mother of
John and Randall Shelley.

Marion (Vezina) Taft 7/1/1928-10/2/2008
Marion is the daughter of Frederick Vezina and Priscilla Rose,
the wife of Fred Taft, and the mother of Lynn Taft Chagnon.

Remembering Those Who Have Gone Before Us.

Each month I have been publishing a list of relatives who died in each month going back to 1900. I recently was asked who some of these relatives are and how we are related. Starting with September I will give a brief narrative of who these relatives are.  

Here is a brief narrative of who they are and how they are related. Those who are related and still  living are not mentioned due to privacy.

George Ashline 4/25/925-9/25/1996
George is the son of Frank and Athella V. Chagnon, the husband of Jane (Fluery) Ashline and the father of Michael Ashline.

John H. Bartlette, Jr 10/10/1942-9/17/2008
John is the husband of Nina Marie (Valliere) Bartlette.

Albert Blow 9/4/1935-9/21/2012
Albert is the son of Jasper and Glenna (Ploof) Blow , the husband of Anne Lillian Cameron and the brother of Richard Blow.

Louise Rayta Bosley 12/19/1907-9/11/1997
Louise is the wife of Albert Bosley and the mother of Raymond and Kenneth Bosley.

Irma Carter Bushey 5/17/1924-9/4/1993
Irma is the daughter of Frederick and Irene (Rock) Carter, the wife of David Bushey and the mother of Joan Jones Bushey.

Delina Bouchard Chagnon 3/15/1881-9/13/1944
Delina is the daughter of Louis and Jennie (Plante) Bouchard, wife of Narcisse “ Nelson”  Chagnon and the mother of 14 Children from whom we are descended from.

Alexander Chagnon 3/22/1915-9/18/1992
Alexander is the son of “Nelson” and Delina (Bouchard) Chagnon, husband of Lucille Corron and father of 9 children.

Joan Bushey Chagnon 10/3/1940-9/12/2011
Joan is the daughter of David and Irma (Carter) Bushey.

Lynn Taft Chagnon 11/17/1847-9/16/2012
Lynn is the daughter of Fred and Marion(Vezina), wife of Robert Chagnon and mother of 2 children.

Mary L. Sorrell Despaw 1885-9/8/1957
Mary is the wife of Grover Despaw and mother of 7 children.  Her son Frank is married to Mae Ashline who is the daughter of Frank and Athella (Chagnon) Ashline.

Sophia Bouchard Dorey 6/2/1889-9/30/1944
Sophia is the daughter of Louis and Louise (Morrow) Bouchard, wife of Joseph Dorey, and mother of 7 children. Sophia is the step sister of Delina Bouchard Chagnon. NOTE: Sophia died 17 days after her sister Delina.

Lori Louis Dusharm   1845-9/2/1931
Lori Louis is the husband of Sophia Coon, the father of Charles Dusharm and husband of Eva Chagnon. Eva is the daughter of Nelson and Delina (Bouchard) Chagnon.

Earl W. Gonyo 7/29/1910-9/9/1987
Earl is the son of Charles and Josephine (Ducharme) Gonyo, the husband of  Gladys Bessette and Mary T. Hubbard and his the brother of Herbie Gonyo.

Richard Gonyo 7/14/1920-9/12/1992
Richard is the son of Charles and Josephine (Ducharme) Gonyo, the husband to Norma Bates and the father of 7 children. He is the brother of Herbie and Earl Gonyo.

Dorothy Dusharm Lafond 10/10/1924-9/29/1978
Dorothy is the daughter of Charles and Eva (Chagnon) Dusharm, the wife of Levi Lafond and John Paquette. She is the mother of 2 children

Joseph G. Lamarche2/19/1915-9/11/1988
Joseph G. is the son of Delphis and Mary (Paquet) Lamarche,  the husband of Dorothy S. (Pratt) Lamarche and the father of 7 children.

Alfred J. Lamore 10/21/1907-9/6/1951
Alfred is the husband of Emma (Houle) Lamore and the father of Arthur “Skip” Lamore who is husband of  Elizabeth (Dusharm) Lamore.

Orissa Trudeau Langlois 2/9/1905-9/19/1930
Orissa is the wife of Mazip Langlois, mother of Viola (Langlois) Chagnon. Viola is the  wife of Alexis Chagnon, Jr. Alexis is the son of Alexander Chagnon who is the brother of Narcisse “Nelson” Chagnon.

Maurice M. Lapierre 1/11/1930-9/19/2008
Maurice is the husband to Betty Bolton and  Pauline Marcotte and father 2 children.

Irene Gonyo Maskell 7/9/1925-9/27/2012
Irene is the daughter of Herbie and Edith (Chagnon) Gonyo, the wife of Robert Lefebvre and Ernest Maskell and mother 4 children.

Joseph Poirier 4/14/1884-9/6/1928
Joseph is the son of Adolphe and Rosanna (Desmarais) Poirier,  the husband of Clara (Monty) Poirier and the father of 8 children.

Francis Proulx 5/10/1908-9/30/1992
Francis is the son of Philias and Mary Helen (Wheel) Proulx, the husband of Lillian (Chagnon) Proulx and the father of 5 children.

Marie Veronica Barbeau Riley 5/2/1904-9/1/1979
Marie Veronica is the wife of Lawrence Riley.

Randall Shelley 2/5/1930-9/17/2009
Randall is the son of Samuel and Gladys (Hinote) Shelley, the husband of Ruth Gonyo and the father of 4 children.

Emilie Krebser Stapel 7/13/1903-9/1/1974
Emilie is the daughter of Henry and Emilie (Meili) Kresber, the wife of Oskar Stapel.

Frank Thompson, Jr. 2/13/1949-9/30/2013
Frank is the son of Frank and Irene (Barnes) Thompson and the brother of Paul Thompson.

Carline Valyou 8/30/1936-9/26/1940
Carline is the daughter of Moses and Clara (Chagnon) Valyou.

Robert Whitehouse 4/11/1930-9/10/2011
Robert is the son of Lucille Whitehouse, the husband of Pearl Gonyo and the father of 2 children.

If you would like to know more about any of these relatives or  you find any  errors, please do not hesitant to contact me. I hope that you have found this useful and  now know a little more about your relatives.  

 

Tips on Grave Site Spring Cleaning and Flower Planting

With Spring finally here in most parts of the United States, it is time to be thinking about checking up on the last resting places of our loved ones who have gone on before us.

Whether its time for your annual visit or maybe you haven’t been for some time, spring is a great time to plant and do some general maintenance. Most people visit around Memorial Day. Cemeteries usually have caretakers that mow the lawn and pick up litter, but they don’t usually do any individual gravestone management. Before you head out  you may want to think about  bringing some supplies in case you need to clean the gravestones themselves as well as planting flowers etc.

Over the course of time signs of damage can begin to show on gravestones. Weather and pollution can create many different situations that can cause serious damage.

By following a simple cleaning procedure that is used by professional conservators, you can easily keep your loved ones gravestones clean, readable and prevent any future deterioration.

But before you tackle cleaning a stone you first will need to determine if the gravestone really needs to be cleaned. It can be easy to mistake the natural patina of aging for dirt.  The color of marble gravestones can change naturally over the course of time.   You need to use care when cleaning, because you can cause more damage to a gravestone that is already flaking or peeling, so these stones may be best left untouched or looked at by a professional conservator.  So only clean a gravestone if it really needs it.

Things to look for when a gravestone is in need of cleaning are: plant growth, soiling, and staining which are caused by things like moss, lichen, algae, fungi, mold, and other plant life.  These types of things growing on gravestones can be very harmful and if left untreated, these growths can cause gravestones to weaken, crack, and split over time.

When looking for algae, fungi, and lichen, they can be green, gray, black, red, orange, yellow, blue, or even brown in color.  All these organisms can damage the gravestone by trapping moisture on the stone and just beneath the surface of the stone and then when there is a temperatures change, this moisture can freeze and thaw causing expansion and contraction within the stone, which leads to weakening or cracking the stone.  Plants, like grass, ivy, moss, trees, bushes and ferns that grow on or near gravestones can be damaging also, because their roots can penetrate the stone and cause splitting, or can cause the stone to shift, putting it off balance and possibly falling over and breaking.  So when you are doing your plantings do make sure they have room to grow and not interfere with the stone. And when your plantings become too mature, dig them up and plant small young planting again.

Another component of plants that can be damaging is the acid they contain. Marble is composed mainly of calcium carbonate. Lichen secretes an acid that dissolves calcite and can cause serious damage to the surface of marble gravestones to the point that they become unreadable.

Gravestones that are flat on the ground are very easily damaged by dirt, leaves, grass clippings and even mud. The minerals in soil such as iron or copper can stain gravestones and sandy soils can act as sand paper and wear the outer surface of a stone. Upright gravestones can also be damaged from strong winds particularly if they are in a sandy region.

Pollution from city traffic and factories carry pollutants such as acid rain, that can change the appearance of gravestones.  Even bird droppings can stain gravestones. Gravestones near trees or bushes are at risk for staining from sap.  Overhanging tree branches can drip their sap onto gravestones. The sap contains resins which can cause staining and be difficult to remove. So again, be aware of what you are planting for plants and how large they will grow.

Here is a list of things that are helpful in cleaning your gravestones:

  • Water
  • Spray bottle, bucket, or hose
  • Soft plastic scraper
  • Soft bristle brushes
  • Wooden pick
  • Biological Solution
  • Safety glasses
  • Gloves

Weather related suggestion:
When planning a visit  to the cemetery, it would be best if it is an overcast day or partly cloudy. This will be more comfortable for you and the cleaning process will not dry as quickly.  This is especially important if the gravestones you are cleaning and doing plantings for are in direct sun.  Or you possibly go early in the morning or closer to early evening time when the sun is not so hot. 

Water is the most important thing to bring if the cemetery does not provide it. If they do provide a water source, then remember to bring a bucket or jug just in case there isn’t one available. Water should be used first to gently wash away dirt, soil, and dried leaves or grass clippings. Stones is very porous and absorbent and if using a cleaner, spraying with water will help keep the cleaner more on the surface.

When you are ready to clean the gravestone, wet the entire surface with water. Use a soft plastic scraper to gently remove plant growth, such as moss or lichen. Scrapers should be softer than the stone.

When using a brush be sure to use a soft bristle brush. The brush should be made of natural fibers or soft nylon. Be sure to use brushes that do not have any metal or rough edges as it could accidentally scratch the stone. You may need to use a variety of brush sizes for different areas of a gravestone. Even an old toothbrush are work pretty well on lettering or engraved designs.

A wooden pick can be useful to remove lichen or moss that may be growing in indentations or engraved lettering.

Be sure that the surface of the stone is wet before you use cleaners and continue re-wetting the stone while you are working on it to avoid allowing the cleaner from to dry on the surface.It is best to start cleaning from the bottom of the stone and work your way up. This will minimize the effects of streaking if you are using a cleaner.

Cleaners used on gravestones should be the gentle possible. D2 Cleaning Solution. D2 is a gentle biocide and very effective for gravestones that are covered in biological growth such as lichen, moss, fungi, algae, and plants. D2 Biological Solution was designed by conservators and is recognized as the official cleaner of the Department of Veteran Affairs National Cemetery Administration for cleaning U.S. military gravestones. There are several kinds of cleaners on the market. Before choosing one be sure to read the label, follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and make sure it is biologically safe and suitable for the type of gravestone you are cleaning, marble, granite or metal.

And don’t forget to wear Safety Glasses and Gloves for your own protection.

Work a small area at a time. Spray the cleaner generously on the area and allow the cleaner to sit on the stone for about 3-5 minutes. Then, gently scrub the stone in small circular motions with a soft brush. Work the cleaner into all indentations and lettering. Keep an eye on any damage to the stone and be careful that you are not applying too much pressure that could cause the damage to worsen. If you see flaking, stop and reassess where you should clean the area and think about whether you should consult with a professional.

If needed spray a second round of cleaner on the gravestone. Allow to sit again for about 5 minutes. Remember work in small sections. Keep the gravestone wet as you work by continually spraying it with water and cleaner.

Finally, rinse the stone when you are done cleaning, making sure not to leave any visible cleaner on the surface.

Cleaners such as D2 Biological Cleaner continues to clean the gravestones on its own for a few weeks after the initial cleaning.  As the cleaner seeps into the pores of the stone it will kill more biological growth.

Here are a few reminders of what not to do:

  • Never use common household cleaners such as bleach.
  • Never use chemical cleaners that have strong acid or salt bases.
  • Never use power tools, such as sanders or drills with wire brushes
  • Never use power washers with pressure over 300 psi
  • Never rub the gravestone surface with hard-bristled brushes
  • Never scrape the gravestone surface with any metal

Here are a few reminders as to what you should do:

  • Always use the gentlest cleaning method possible
  • Read and follow product manufacturer’s guidelines
  • Use safety practices such as gloves and eye protection.
  • Test a small area before cleaning the entire headstone
  • Keep the stone wet as you work
  • Always get the approval of other family members before cleaning

If you are planting or digging up bushes or flowers you will need to bring:

  • Shovel
  • Hand saw
  • clippers

By maintaining and caring for the gravestones of your loved ones’ you are not only showing your love and respect and how much they mean to you, but you are helping  to preserve their last resting place for future generations.

_________________

My Journey with Genetic DNA and Genealogy Part 3

This is part 3 of my journey with genetic DNA and my genealogy. I have been working with my DNA results from both Ancestry.com and MyHeritage.com.  There has been a lot to learn about the tools that they offer and what I need to be looking for.  I have also uploaded both DNA Raw files to Gedmatch.com and Familytreedna.com. Each of these websites offer different tools and have different ways of showing their results.

Here are some of my thoughts, insights and experiences with each of these companies on what I have learned thus far.

An important note to keep in mind is that people don’t always test with  more than one company. Some test at Ancestry, some at MyHeritage, some at familytreedna and some at 23andMe. And not everyone uploads their results to Gedmatch. Plus, there are a lot of people that don’t add a family tree. What this means is you will not find the same results or Matches on all of these websites.

MyHeritage:

Starting with MyHeritage.com, I took an autosomal DNA test.  This type of DNA test uses your 23 Chromosomes, which has 50% of  your mother’s DNA and 50% your father’s DNA.  Currently I have over 5000 Matches. I bought a 1-year Premium Membership, otherwise I wouldn’t  be able to see my Match’s family trees.  I started a family tree with 7 people, myself, my parents and their parents and now have over 2,000 relatives in this tree. This is due to the smart matches and instant matches that they notify you about. My original family tree I keep on my computer and use MyHeritage tree to help with proofing.  I use Rootmagic software which is sync able with MyHeritage and can download information straight to Rootmagic.   I can search their database by a person’s name or by a source.  There is  a very good triangulation tool that shows when you and your Match match up with a third person.  They show you total cMs (centiMorgans), the largest cM, how many segments of cMs each Match and  the start and end positions of each cM, which is important when looking for triangulation Matches. The Chromosome browser map  shows  which Chromosome they match you on.  I was able to download my Raw data, and upload it to Gedmatch, which is a third party website that has even more tools to help analysis my data. You can also download your entire list of Matches, which goes as low as 7cMs. Anything below this can possibly give you a false reading. The more cMs the closer the relationship the Match will be. You can also download a shared Match list. They do an ethnicity estimate.  In your shared Match list  you can see any triangulation Matches. I have found several 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cousins on both my maternal and paternal side with MyHeritage.

AncestryDNA.com

I did AncestryDNA’s autosomal test  so I could  compare it with MyHeritage.  Ancestry gives you a list of Matches. You need to subscribe to one of their Memberships in order to see your Match’s family trees.  I signed up for their two-week free trial and then cancelled. Many of my Matches didn’t have trees, so in order to find anything out you need to contact the person.  They want you to build a family tree ­­ so they can match you with others. I don’t feel that they give you as much information as MyHeritage. They have what they call DNA circles which are other family trees that have common ancestors you. I currently have 7 family circles.  You can see how many cMs each Match has and the number of segments, but they don’t give you largest cM or the start and end distance of each cM.  Ancestry doesn’t show you what Chromosomes that your Matches have in common with you. You can download your Raw DNA data file.  AncestryDNA does give an ethnicity estimate.

Familytreedna:

I uploaded both of my raw autosomal DNA data files from Ancestry and MyHeritage to familytreedna for free.  I have over 3,000 Matches. The results were similar to those found on the other two sites. I created a family tee with 15 people on this site, which is 4 generations.  You can view other Matches’ family trees if they have one. They have a Chromosome browser and an in common with tool.  Familytreedna also gives the total shared cMs and the largest segment.   You are able to see which chromosomes  match  and this is downloadable in an excel file.  The Chromosome  matches can be viewed  in a table format or map layout which will give each Chromosome, the start and end of the distance, the size of the cM and number of matching snps.   Familytreedna does offer YDNA & MtDNA testing which both Ancestry and MyHeritage do not. I do have a male relative’s YDNA results that was done with familytreedna and I just sent in my own MtDNA test to them. They are different from the autosomal results. YDNA and MtDNA are direct line ancestry results, meaning YDNA goes from son to father and on back several generations. The same for MtDNA which goes from daughter to mother and on back several generations in a straight line. Familytreedna offers a free downloadable guide book to help you to learn more about their results. This is written by Blaine Bettinger and Matt Dexter.  Family Tree is free and gives you access to family trees of those who have put them up on their site.

Gedmatch:

This is a 3rd party application that doesn’t do testing, but does have all kinds of tools to help you to analyze your results from other companies. They have a One to many matches which will list all of your matches. They allow people to upload a GEDcom/wikiTree. They show both MtDNA & YDNA matches, Autosomal  and XDNA results. They show Total cMs and largest cMs. They give the Username and email of each Match. Their Chromosome browser has 2d and 3d viewing, a one to one comparison tool and much more. I have several 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cousins matches.  The Tier 1 Utilities includes  7 more tools, which includes a triangulation tool. There is a $10 fee a month for the use of these additional tools. Everything else on this site is free.

Conclusion:

I find that all of the above companies have their pros and cons. I think of the four that MyHeritage and Gedmatch seem to offer the most, but familytreedna is a close contender. I’m not  totally impressed with AncestryDNA even though they have the largest genealogical family tree database.  They seem to have the least to offer as far as tools to help you in your analysis.   I have no experience with 23andMe so I’m not able to provide any insight into what their website is like.    With the use of my DNA results I have been able to connect to 4 family branches that I was not able to by using just the paper trail. My DNA Matches have connected me so many new relatives.  The important thing to remember is that you can’t just use genetic genealogy to find your relatives you also need to use your family tree genealogy with a record source to help prove and verify your findings
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Wishing you all the best in your family search.

My Journey with DNA Genetics and Genealogy! Part 2

Using DNA testing in combination with my genealogy research has been very successful and at the same time very intriguing.   Last month I explained to you that I have been doing genealogy for decades and had come to a point in genealogy that they call a brick wall on four branches of my family tree. So I decided to take a DNA test to see if it would give me any new insight on any of these branches. I choose to go with MyHeritage.com which is one of the four most popular DNA testing sites. The other three being Ancestry.com, 23andMe.com and FamilytreeDNA.com.  Currently MyHeritage.com has over 95 Million users, 2.0 Billion Profiles, 8.9 Billion Historical Records and over 41 Million Family Trees on their website.

Since I have received my results from MyHeritage I have learned how to use my genetic DNA results with my genealogy. I am using some screen shots from their website to help explain some of my DNA results to you and I have blanked out my Matches personal info for privacy reasons. To really get a good understanding of how MyHeritage works you can watch this video:  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DGi4Jb84XAc&t=2855s.

We as humans are more similar to each other than we think. All people share 99.9% of their DNA sequence in common. Only the remaining 0.1% differs from one person to another. Depending on how much DNA I share with my DNA Matches determines if we are  close or distant relatives. This will show  significant similarities between their DNA and mine within that 0.1%. For every DNA match, it shows the estimated relationship between me and the other person as well, based on the quantity and characteristics of the DNA that I share with that person. In the lower right corner of my login page, it shows that  I currently have 4686 DNA Matches. When I first opened my results four weeks earlier I had 3576 DNA Matches, so you can see that as more people test their DNA at MyHeritage the amount of my matches can continue to increase.
My Ethnicity Estimate results shows that my DNA traces back to 8 Ethnicities, 97% from Europe, (43.1% Irish, Scottish, and Welch, 13.2% English, 5.9% Finnish, 4.9% Scandinavian, 21% Sardinian, 9.8% Greek, 2.1% from Northwest Africa. These results come from very early ancestry links.

 

 

This map view of my Ethnicity Estimates shows the approximate areas. Usually most companies that offer Autosomal DNA testing will give you an Ethnicity Estimate, but they may be different from company to company due to the formulations that they use. An Autosomal test is on your 22 Chromosomes which contain  shared DNA from both your paternal and maternal sides

In the below screen shot is a first cousin once removed (who we will call “John”)  currently has the highest amount of DNA to me of all my Matches on MyHeritage.com.  We share a total of 537.8cM (CentiMorgans). The higher the total DNA the closer the relationship to the match.  Meaning if I had a match that had approximately 3600 cM that would most likely be a parent or a sibling match. There could be other relatives who have had their DNA tested, but they may have tested with another company like Ancestry.com or 23andMe.com so unless I test with those companies I would not know about their DNA Match.

My cousin “John” has a family tree on MyHeritage with 213 people in it. After viewing his family tree I was able to see how we are related on my paternal side. Not everyone that has a Match with you includes family tree information and not everyone is a member of MyHeritage.

The Shared Matches below show the percentage of relationship with myself (on left) and with “John” (on right). In this first Shared Match you can see that there is a person who is more closely related to “John” than me. It is so high that MyHeritage suggest that this Match could be his son and they suggest that that person  may also be a 1st cousin once removed to me.

It turned out that this Shared Match is “John’s” son and is my 1st cousin twice removed. To have a better understanding of relationships, here is a relationship chart to help you to understand  cousin that are removed relationships. Removed basically means each generation above or below me.

 

MyHeritage gives you a view of all 23 Chromosomes and where my Match’s DNA and mine match. Below is a view of 22 of my 23 Chromosomes and where “John” matches on each of my Chromosomes.

 

MyHeritage has recently added a really nice tool that they call a Chromosome Browser. This tool helps me to compare my DNA Matches with other DNA Matches and myself. I can compare up to 7 Matches at a time by clicking on the ones I want to check. This has been really helpful in finding out which of my Matches are truly related and on what side of my tree (paternal or maternal).

 

 

 

When I compare them it will show me on which Chromosome they match with me and the others. As you can see these two people are very closely related to each other besides me.

 

 

If a DNA Match has a family tree available, I can get more insight about how the two of us may be related. I can also contact my DNA Matches to exchange information and ask questions.

To better learn from which branch we are related I have looked at my family tree and their family tree and found a common ancestor that we both are related to. In the beginning I started out with a small family tree on MyHeritage website by adding three generations, which is a total of 7 people. This helps MyHeritage and my DNA Matches to be able to see our connection.

MyHeritage has been emailing me when they have discovered people that could be related to me which they call Smart Matches or Instant Discoveries. My online family tree with MyHeritage has grown to over 1,200 people from these Matches.  I can also use their search screen  to possibly find missing people from my tree.

 

I have been able to break through two of the four brick walls. This has been amazing to finally complete the connection with these two branches on my paternal side. My journey continues to find the other two branches on my maternal side.

I have downloaded my Raw DNA file from MyHeritage and uploaded it to Familytreedna.com  and to Gedmatch.com. It is free to upload to these two sites. They both provided DNA Matches with their own databases.  From the results I have found a few matches that were the same as on MyHeritage, but there are many that are different. I believe this is because of where people have their had DNA testing done.  So not all databases are the same, because not everyone tests at the same or more than one place and so I have been able to find several more matches with these two other sites.

I would have to say that I find DNA genetic genealogy very interesting and know that there is still a lot more to learn in order to make the best use of all the information that I have found.

I do recommend that if you are interested in having your DNA test done that you do your homework first. Meaning learn as much as you can about DNA genetics and then decide what you really want to learn about yourself. Is it who your related to or where your ancestry came from?

Next time I will give an overview of my results on Familytreedna.com and Gedmatch.com.   Wishing you all the best in your search.

My Journey with DNA Genetics and Genealogy!

I have been doing genealogy for over 4 decades, going to libraries, vital records repositories, city clerks, historical societies and surfing the world wide web for genealogy related websites. I have also subscribed to several magazines, societies, and websites. And   I have spent countless hours walking through cemeteries, and interviewing relatives, but there was one thing I had not done to help me in my ancestry search and that was DNA testing.

After years of research I have run out of ideas as to where to look for more documentation on a few  of my branches that I have had no success finding. These certain individuals just didn’t leave enough of a paper trail for me to find them.  I have come to what is known as a genealogy brick wall, so I decided to take a different path  and have my DNA tested in hopes that it may give me some new leads on my family tree.

Back in 2000, two companies:  FamilyTreeDNA.com based in Houston, Texas and Oxfordancestors.com based in Oxfordshire, England) started out offering the opportunity for genealogists to use DNA to aid in finding the family connections.  Oxfordancestors has recently closed, but FamilyTreeDNA continues to grow. In the early days it was quite expensive to have your DNA testing done and the testing was still in its infancy. Now day there are several companies that offer DNA testing services.  Testing methods have improved and some companies offer testing of MtDNA and YDNA, along with Autosomal DNA, I’ll explain what these are shortly.These companies have been creating databases of the DNA information from the people that have had their DNA done and some also  have family tree information. It has been 18 years since this endeavor began and millions of people have now had their DNA done, which has helped to create huge databases of genetic information. People are not only using the information from DNA matches to help them in their genealogy research, but people who were adopted are using DNA testing to find their biological families. Websites such as Ancestrydna.com, Familytreedna.com, Myheritage.com and 23andme.com, just to name a few are helping people to find these DNA matches.   And people are learning where their ancestors may have come from by the ethnicity estimates that are provided when you have your Autosomal DNA tested.

The DNA test itself is very simple, and depending on which company the testing is done with you either have to swab the inside of your check or spit into a small vial and  then mail the sample back to the company. It is harder to decide what type of test to have done and with whom to go with for the testing then doing the test itself.  There are currently three main types DNA test, which I mentioned early, Mitochondrial DNA (MtDNA), which is the DNA passed down to sons and daughters from their mother, but only daughters can pass it on to their offspring. Y-Chromosome DNA (YDNA), which is the DNA passed down to sons from their fathers, and only sons can pass it on to their sons. The third test is the Autosomal DNA (AtDNA), which is made of  22 pairs of Chromosomes. We receive 50% of our DNA from our father and 50% from our mother.  We have a total of 23 pairs of Chromosomes. The 23rd pair are different in that they are sex chromosomes. Our mother has two X X Chromosomes, one from her father and one from her mother and our father contributes a X to his daughters and a Y chromosome to sons.

Each of the companies that provide DNA testing offer a little different take on your results. They have chagnonfamilytreetools on their websites to help you to understand your results and connect with your matches.

In  November  2017, on Black Friday several of the DNA testing providers  offered discounts on their DNA testing services, so  I decided to  buy an  Autosomal DNA test from MyHeritage.com.  It was $49 plus $12 shipping. MyHeritage is an online genealogy platform with web, mobile, and software products and DNA testing services. This website was first developed and popularized by the Israeli company in 2003.  I purchased my DNA kit on 11/28/17. I received it 12/10/17. Their test is a swab of the inside of your cheeks.  I did the test and put it in the postage paid mailer and mailed it out the next day. Check out this Youtube video on how to take a DNA test with MyHeritage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jaxTF5Ev6rw.   You have to activate your kit on their website and create a family tree account. This lets them know you received it and that the kit # belongs to you. This number is for you DNA results and will help with your matches.This is a Youtube video link that explains  what happens with your DNA sample https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_806nvZF2o .  To see your matches’ family tree information on this website  you will need to have an annual membership with MyHeritage.com.  There are some people who keep their family tree private. There is several perks with each of their membership levels. They offer three different options. Premium, Premium  Plus and Complete.  I did enter three generations of my family tree (myself and family, my parents, my two sets of grandparents). You can build a family tree on their website or download they tree builder software which is free. Here is a Youtube Video to show you how to use it. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WmxmladLrTs . They also have a mobile app. The family tree builder software can sync with your online account. All smart matches can be downloaded into your tree. You can build a tree from scratch or import a GEDCOM file.   You can build your tree on line only if you want. See this Youtube video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YTcS3VMMKY for building a family tree on line.

Before I received my DNA results  I started receiving emails from MyHeritage.com letting me  know when they found possible family tree matches for me, but  I wasn’t able to view anyone family tree because I  hadn’t purchased  a membership yet. Then I received a 50% discount off their memberships in February, so I decided to purchase to the Complete membership level. You can join for 1 -3 years. I joined for one year.

While waiting for my results I decided to read and learn as much as I could about DNA genetics and genealogy. One of the best books that I have read is “The Family Tree guide to DNA Testing and Genetic Genealogy” by Blaine T. Bettinger.  It helped with understanding what DNA is and how it works. He gives a ton of useful information on the different DNA testing providers and 3rd party services to help with interpreting your results.   I learned about a few other websites that once I had my DNA results I could upload my raw DNA file and they would also provide their interpretation of DNA matches and information. I also joined a few Facebook groups: DNA Genealogy, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage, and DNA genetics. It is interesting to read about other peoples experiences with their DNA results.

I was emailed on 1/27/2018 that my results were ready. I went to my account on their website. Clicked on to the DNA tab and my results came up.

It showed me that I had DNA traces from 8 Ethnicities, 97% from Europe, (43.1% Irish, Scottish, and Welch, 13.2% English, 5.9% Finnish, 4.9% Scandinavian, 21% Sardinian, 9.8% Greek, 2.1% from Northwest Africa. Well I was surprised that there wasn’t anything listed from Canada or North America. Most of my ancestors through the mid1600s came from Canada. So it tells me these ethnicities estimates go back to a lot early ancestry links. Next it showed me that I have 3576 DNA matches. The list started with highest total of DNA which was a 1st cousin once removed. We shared a total of 521.9 cM (CentiMorgans). The higher the total DNA the closer the relationship to the match.  Meaning if I had a match that had approximately 3900 cM that would most likely be a parent or a sibling match.  I don’t know of anyone in my immediate family that has had their DNA tested. Also if they have they may have tested with another company like AncestryDNA or 23andMe.  Because I didn’t have a MyHeritage membership when I first received my results, I was not able to view my matches family trees if they had one. You can see how much DNA a match has and you can contact the person to ask questions without having a membership.   Not everyone that has a match with you includes family tree information and not everyone is a member. MyHeritage has a few really nice tools you can use such as their Chromosome browser to compare the match with your DNA. I talk about this in a future blog.

I have been going through the closest matches and have found connections on both my mother’s and father’s sides. It’s too early in my research to determine if I have any matches to the branches in my tree that I have not been able to connect.

I have downloaded my Raw DNA file and uploaded it to Familytreedna.com website and to Gedmatch.com. It was free to upload to these two sites. They both provided DNA matches with their own databases.  From the results I have found a few matches that are the same as on MyHeritage, but many that are different. I believe this is because of where people have their DNA testing done.  So not all databases are the same, because not everyone tests at all or with more than one company. I have been able to find several matches, but my closest match thus far has been a 1st cousin once removed on my mother’s side

There is one DNA testing provider that has the largest database and seems to be the most popular from what I have learned since I started this DNA journey and that is AncestryDNA.com.  One reason may be because they advertise their DNA testing on TV.  They started out as a genealogy website and have billions of family trees that you can match up with. They do have an annual membership to access the family tree information, but your DNA information is accessible without a membership. They only offer  Autosomal DNA testing at this time.   I decided to test with them also, but instead of buying my DNA test kit from them directly I went on eBay and bought a new sealed test kit for half of the cost of what AncestryDNA charges. I paid $38.00 with free shipping. The kit arrived within a week and I activated it on AncestryDNA and then mailed it to them in the postage prepaid mailer after I did the test. They have your spit in two small vials. So besides the kit being cheaper I didn’t have to pay for the shipping cost that AncestryDNA charges.  I have gotten confirmation that my DNA test sample has arrived to their lab, but they have not started to process it as of yet. From what I have read on AncestryDNA Facebook group it can take 6-8 weeks from when they receive it before you get your results. This must be due to the high volume of samples that they receive.  They will email me the results when they have processed it.  I do plan to download the raw data file and upload it to familytreedna and gedmatch to see if there is any difference between the two samples that I have done.

I would have to say that I find all this DNA stuff very intriguing and know that there is still a lot more to learn in order to make the best use of all the information that it has been revealed to me.  Next month I will get into more details of what I have learned from my results.   Wishing you all the best in your search.